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Mountaineering or mountain climbing is the sport, hobby or profession of hiking, skiing, and climbing mountains. While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed mountains, it has branched into specialisations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three areas: rock-craft, snow-craft and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice. All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety. 

This field manual details techniques soldiers and leaders must know to cope with mountainous terrain. These techniques are the foundation upon which the mountaineer must build. They must be applied to the various situations encountered to include river crossings, glaciers, snow-covered mountains, ice climbing, rock climbing, and urban vertical environments. 

*** This application is completely based on the United States MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING Field Manual FM 3-97.61. *** 

Features 

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- Both Portrait and Landscape modes are supported. Landscape mode is preferred for better reading experience. 

- Zooming is supported in order to see the text/images better. 

List of Contents 

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CHAPTER 1. MOUNTAIN TERRAIN, WEATHER, AND HAZARDS 

CHAPTER 2. MOUNTAIN LIVING 

CHAPTER 3. MOUNTAINEERING EQUIPMENT 

CHAPTER 4. ROPE MANAGEMENT AND KNOTS 

CHAPTER 5. ANCHORS 

CHAPTER 6. CLIMBING 

CHAPTER 7. ROPE INSTALLATIONS 

CHAPTER 8. MOUNTAIN WALKING TECHNIQUES 

CHAPTER 9 MOUNTAIN STREAM CROSSING 

CHAPTER 10. MOVEMENT OVER SNOW AND ICE 

CHAPTER 11. MOUNTAIN RESCUE AND EVACUATION 

APPENDIX A. LEVELS OF MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING 

APPENDIX B. MEASUREMENT CONVERSION FACTORS 

APPENDIX C. AVALANCHE SEARCH AND RESCUE TECHNIQUES 

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Mountaineering

Mountaineering ၏ ေနာက္ဆုံးဗားရွင္း

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